Active coatings for smart textiles refer to functional coatings that are applied to textile materials to add qualities like sensing, actuation, energy harvesting, and other responsive capabilities.

The term "adaptive materials" refers to substances that can modify their properties or behaviors in response to external stimuli. These materials are capable of adapting,

Advanced ceramics, also known as engineering ceramics or fine ceramics, are a type of high-performance material with better mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical capabilities than regular c

Aircraft avionics, or aviation electronics, refers to the electronic systems used in aircraft for communication, navigation, monitoring, and control. Avionics are play a vital for assuring the safe

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a vast field in computer science focuses on creating machines or software that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. Learning, thinking, probl

Biofunctionalized nanoparticles are nanoparticles that have been modified or coated with biological molecules to enhance their compatibility with living systems and enable specific interactions wit

Bioinspired materials, also known as biomimetic materials, are substances that are inspired from the structures, properties, and processes observed in the natural world. Scientists and engineers de

Biomimetic materials, also known as biomimicry or bio-inspired materials, are substances that replicate or inspired by biological processes, structures, and functions found in nature. The goal is t

"Chromo" typically relates to color, and "active" suggests a dynamic or responsive nature. As a result, chromoactive materials could be materia

Composite materials are engineered materials composed of two or more constituent materials having distinctly different physical or chemical properties. These materials are mixed to form a new mater

Conductive polymers are a type of material that exhibits electrical conductivity, similar to traditional metals, but are made up of long-chain macromolecules. Unlike normal insulators, conductive p

Elastomers are polymers with unique properties that give them high elasticity and the ability to return to their original shape after being stretched or deformed. They are widely used in various in

Electroactive polymers (EAPs) are a class of polymers that exhibit significant and reversible deformation in response to an electric field. These materials are capable of undergoing large deformati

Electro-rheological fluids (ERFs) are a type of smart fluid that changes viscosity or flow behavior in response to an electric field. When an electric field is applied, the particles or molecules s

Energy harvesting refers to the process of capturing and converting ambient forms of energy, such as light, heat, vibration, or motion, into electrical energy for use in electronic devices. The goa

Flexible electronics and wearable sensors represent a burgeoning field at the intersection of electronics, materials science, and biomedical engineering. These technologies involve the development

The functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) involves modifying their surface properties and structure to tailor their behavior for specific applications. Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical nanos

Graphene-based materials are a class of materials that incorporate graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. Graphene exhibits remarkable properties,

Hydrogel-based bioinks are a critical component in the field of 3D bioprinting, a technology that allows the fabrication of three-dimensional biological structures layer by layer. These bioinks ser

Intelligent packaging materials refer to packaging technologies that incorporate functionalities beyond traditional passive containment and protection. These materials are designed to interact with

Magnetic nanomaterials are materials at the nanoscale (typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers) that exhibit magnetic properties. These materials are composed of magnetic elements or compounds,

Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MSMAs) are a class of smart materials that exhibit both shape memory effect and magnetic properties. These alloys can undergo reversible shape changes in response to a

Magneto-rheological (MR) fluids are smart materials that can change their rheological (flow) properties in response to an external magnetic field. These fluids typically consist of small, suspended

Metamaterials are engineered materials with properties not found in naturally occurring substances. They're designed to manipulate electromagnetic waves, such as light and sound, in ways that a

Microfluidic devices are miniaturized systems that manipulate small amounts of fluids (typically in the microliter to nanoliter range) within channels or chambers with dimensions on the microscale.

Nanocomposites are materials composed of a matrix (polymer, metal, or ceramic) reinforced with nanoscale particles, often referred to as nanofillers or nanoparticles. These materials exhibit improv

Nanofibers are fibers with diameters in the nanometer range, typically between 1 and 100 nanometers. These fibers can be produced from various materials, including polymers, carbon, ceramics, and p

Nanoparticle-based sensors are devices that utilize nanoparticles to detect and respond to specific substances or environmental conditions. These sensors have gained significant attention due to th

Nanostructured catalysts are catalytic materials with dimensions at the nanoscale. The design and engineering of catalysts at this level offer unique properties and advantages due to the increased

Photovoltaic materials are substances used in the construction of solar cells and panels to convert sunlight into electrical energy. These materials play a crucial role in the efficiency and perfor

pH-responsive polymers, also known as smart or stimuli-responsive polymers, are a class of materials that undergo changes in their physical or chemical properties in response to variations in pH (a

Piezoelectric materials are a type of material that can generate an electric charge in response to mechanical stress, and vice versa—they can deform or change shape when subjected to an elect

Quantum dots are semiconductor nanoparticles that exhibit quantum mechanical properties. These nanoscale structures have unique optical and electronic characteristics, making them valuable in a var

Responsive drug delivery systems refer to drug delivery platforms that can modulate the release of therapeutic agents in response to specific stimuli. These stimuli can be internal or external trig

Responsive membranes are materials that can dynamically change their properties or behavior in response to external stimuli. These stimuli can include changes in temperature, pH, pressure, light, o

Responsive surfaces for anti-fouling applications involve the development of materials that can dynamically adapt their properties to resist the adhesion of unwanted substances, such as biofouling,

Self-cleaning surfaces refer to materials or coatings that have the ability to repel or remove dirt, contaminants, and other unwanted substances without the need for external cleaning. These surfac

Self-healing polymers are materials capable of autonomously repairing damage or cracks without the need for external intervention. These polymers possess the ability to reestablish their structural

Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are a class of metallic materials that can "remember" and recover their original shape or form after being deformed. This unique property is attributed to a sol

Shape-changing materials, also known as morphing materials or smart materials, are substances that can alter their physical shape, structure, or properties in response to external stimuli such as t

Smart coatings refer to advanced materials that can respond to external stimuli by exhibiting specific functionalities or properties. These coatings are designed to be responsive to changes in the

Smart materials, also known as smart or responsive materials, are materials that possess properties that can be altered in a controlled and reversible manner in response to external stimuli. These

Smart textiles, also known as smart fabrics or e-textiles, refer to textiles that are embedded with electronic components, sensors, or other advanced materials to impart additional functionalities.

Smart windows with light-responsive properties, often referred to as dynamic or switchable windows, are windows that can change their optical properties in response to external stimuli such as ligh

Soft actuators are devices that can generate controlled and reversible movements or deformations while exhibiting flexibility and compliance. These actuators are often made from soft materials such

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels are a class of materials that can undergo reversible changes in their volume, shape, or properties in response to specific external stimuli. These stimuli can include v

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a field of technology that involves the continuous monitoring and assessment of the structural condition of engineering structures, such as bridges, buildings,

Thermochromic materials are substances that undergo a reversible change in color or transparency in response to changes in temperature. These materials are often used in various applications, inclu

Wearable healthcare devices are electronic devices that are worn on the body and designed to monitor, track, and manage various aspects of health and well-being. These devices leverage sensors, con